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Shoulders/Arms |
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Manual - Manual stretching |
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Stretching the posterior upper arm (triceps):
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a) With the patient in a supine position and with an arm extended, the therapist grasps the muscle of the posterior upper arm with a pinching grip. S-shaped pre-tensioning is applied by turning the hand.
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b) To stretch, the elbow joint is flexed.
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c) Same procedure to stretch the back of the upper arm with the patient in a sitting position. The therapist grasps the muscle of the posterior upper arm from behind with a pinching grip. S-shaped pre-tensioning is applied by turning the hand. To stretch, the elbow joint is flexed.
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Stretching of the upper fixators of the shoulder girdle (trapezius superior, levator scapulae):
With the patient in a prone position, the muscle between the shoulder and neck is pre-tensioned by s-shaped traction. To treat the left side, the patient turns the head to the right, whilst the therapist applies his/her forearm from the opposite side. The therapist grasps the neck muscles with both hands and by turning them applies u-shaped pre-tensioning. To stretch, the shoulder and neck are pulled away from each other.
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Stretching the anterior forearm (biceps):
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a) The patient is in a supine position. With a flexed elbow, the upper arm is turned outwards and the forearm inwards. The therapist supports the patient's elbow on his/her knee and grasps the biceps from above using a pinching grip. S-shaped pre-tensioning is applied by turning the hand
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b) To stretch, the elbow is straightened with the upper arm turned outwards and the forearm turned inwards.
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c) Same procedure to stretch the back of the upper arm with the patient in a sitting position. With the elbow flexed, the upper arm is turned outwards and the forearm inwards. The therapist supports the patient's elbow on his/her body and grasps the biceps using a pinching grip. S-shaped pre-tensioning is applied by turning the hand. To stretch, the elbow joint is straightened.
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Stretching of the extensor side of the forearm (radial extensor muscles):
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a.) The patient is in a supine position. With the forearm turned inwards and with flexed elbow and wrist joint, the thumb is used to apply u-shaped pre-tensioning to the muscle on the extensor side of the forearm.
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b) To stretch, the elbow is straightened with the forearm turned inwards and the wrist joint flexed.
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c) For treatment of tennis elbow with the patient in a sitting position, u-shaped pre-tensioning is achieved through thumb pressure and the stretching carried out by straightening the elbow joint with the forearm turned inwards and the wrist joint flexed.
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d) Same procedure, except pre-tensioning using a pinch grip. With the forearm turned inwards and with flexed elbow and wrist joint, the elbow is braced against the body of the therapist. To stretch, the elbow joint is straightened.
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Stretching the flexor side of the forearm (Ulnar flexor):
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a) With the patient in a supine position with flexed elbow joint, extended forearm and wrist over-extended, thumb pressure is used to generate u-shaped pre-tensioning of the forearm.
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b) To stretch, the elbow joint is straightened.
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c) Stretching of the flexor surface of the forearm with the patient in a sitting position. Pre-tensioning through thumb pressure, turning the forearm outwards and wrist hyperextension. To stretch, the elbow joint is straightened.
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